Reports from eye surgery camps and anecdotal data indicated that blinding trachoma is a serious cause of visual impairment in Mankien payam (district) of southern Sudan. Trachoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness. With additional work, such methods could provide a generally applicable tool for effective programme planning and for the certification of the elimination of trachoma as a blinding disease. When used with area-sampling techniques, the LQAS survey method has the potential to form the basis of survey instruments that can be used to efficiently target resources for interventions against active trachoma. The method yielded a finer spatial resolution of prevalence than had been previously achieved in Viet Nam using semiquantitative rapid assessment surveys and multistage cluster-sampled surveys. Survey staff found the LQAS survey method both simple and rapid to use after initial problems with area-sampling methods were identified and remedied. A total of 719 communes in 41 districts in 18 provinces were surveyed. School-based sampling was used school sites to be sampled were selected using an area-sampling approach. The LQAS survey method for the rapid assessment of the prevalence of active trachoma was adapted for use in Viet Nam with the aim of classifying individual communes by the prevalence of active trachoma among children in primary school.
To report on the use of lot quality-assurance sampling (LQAS) surveys undertaken within an area-sampling framework to identify priority areas for intervention with trachoma control activities in Viet Nam. Conclusões: A boa infraestrutura encontrada no povoado de Simão, principalmente a quantidade de casas com água encanada, associada ao bom hábito de higiene pessoal, favoreceram o encontro de baixa quantidade de formas infecciosas. Nos fatores socioeconômicos referentes à moradia, foi percebida diferença na análise multivariada apenas na variável número de pessoas por cômodo, que foi maior no grupo dos normais (p=0,010). Quanto ao aspecto da face, houve maior prevalência da doença nos que a apresentaram suja (p=0,432). Quanto aos fatores socioeconômicos referentes aos indivíduos, os analfabetos apresentaram 1,9 vezes mais chances de terem tracoma (p<0,0001), mas os de maior poder aquisitivo foram mais acometidos (p<0,0001).
Coletaram-se dados relativos à epidemiologia do tracoma, realizando o diagnóstico de tracoma com lupa de 2,5x. A mediana das idades foi de 34 anos para ambos os sexos. Métodos: Através de um trabalho de campo, examinou-se 412 indivíduos (178 homens e 234 mulheres) em um povoado da chapada do Araripe, vertente cearense. Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores epidemiológicos do tracoma no povoado de Simão. This article provides an overview of the RA methods commonly used in eye care, and emphasizes the selection of appropriate methods based on the local need and context. RA survey methods are typically linked with an intervention. The entire process is inexpensive, so the survey may be repeated once every 5-10 years to assess the changing trends in disease burden. The analysis is quick and easy to interpret. The important features of RA methods include the use of local resources, simplified sampling methodology, and a simple examination protocol/data collection method that can be performed by locally available personnel. The 1990s witnessed the emergence of RA methods in eye care for cataract, onchocerciasis, and trachoma and, more recently, the main causes of avoidable blindness and visual impairment. These methods have been developed and field tested, and can be applied across almost the entire gamut of health care. Rapid assessment (RA) methods are indispensable tools in situations where data are needed quickly and where time- or cost-related factors prohibit the use of classical epidemiological surveys. While classical research methods provide reliable estimates, they are prohibitively expensive and resource intensive. Reliable information is required for the planning and management of eye care services.
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